JEDI-1P

One-photon optimized GEVI evolved from ASAP2s with improved brightness, kinetics, and sensitivity.

Category: VSD-cpGFP GEVI
Published: 2023-10-12 — Nature Communications 2023
Derived from: ASAP2s
Response polarity: negative-going (fluorescence decreases on depolarization)
Spectrum: excitation peak 487 nm, emission peak 509 nm (JEDI-1P)
Plasmid: Addgene #202613
Tags: cpGFP

Headline values (as shown in the GEVIBench table)

Metric	Value	Definition
Brightness (B/B_EGFP)	0.89× EGFP	Molecular brightness relative to EGFP (extinction coefficient × quantum yield, or a measured ratio). Sensors not measured against EGFP directly are placed through a chain of pairwise brightness comparisons, combined by geometric mean.
Kinetics τ_on / τ_off (ms)	5.1 / 6.2 ms	Activation / decay time constants in ms (amplitude-weighted mean τ for multi-exponential fits). The value shown averages the measurements made at physiological temperature (≥33 °C); if there are none, it is the measurement closest to 33 °C.
ΔF/F per 100 mV	-56% (median of 3 measurements: −66%)	Steady-state fluorescence change for a 100 mV depolarization step (−70 → +30 mV); the sign gives the polarity. The table shows the first listed measurement; the median across measurements (one-photon preferred) is used for sorting.
ΔF/F per mV	0.9%	Subthreshold sensitivity: fluorescence change per mV near rest (−90 to −50 mV). Where no value is reported directly, it is estimated from the F–V curve.
ΔF/F per AP	31.2%	Fluorescence change per single action potential in neurons. The table shows the first listed measurement; the median across measurements (one-photon preferred) is used for sorting.
AP width (FWHM, ms)	4.9 ms	Full width at half maximum of the optical spike waveform.
Photostability t75% @ 100 mW/mm²	54 s	Time for fluorescence to fall to 75% of its initial value under one-photon illumination, linearly dose-scaled to 100 mW/mm² (t50% is used where the 75% crossing falls inside a fast initial transient). Two-photon curves are not dose-scaled and are excluded.
Papers using it (N_used)	7	Number of published research papers, tracked by GEVIBench, that used the sensor for an experiment (a popularity / track-record measure).

Measurements and sources

Kinetics

τ_on 1.58 ms, τ_off 1.2 ms at 32-35°C — Lu 2023, Table 1
τ_on 5.41 ms, τ_off 2.91 ms at 21-23°C — Lu 2023, Table 1
τ_on 10.86 ms, τ_off 14.11 ms at 23°C — Hao 2024, Table S2
τ_on 8.69 ms, τ_off 11.11 ms at 37°C — Hao 2024, Table S2

ΔF/F per 100 mV

-56%, 1P — Lu 2023, Fig. 2c
-66.3%, 1P — Cao 2025, Fig. 1C
-66%, 1P — Rühl 2026, Table S1

ΔF/F per mV (subthreshold)

0.9%/mV (Subthreshold fluorescence-per-voltage conversion ratio = 0.9% per mV for JEDI-1P (vs 1.3% for ASAP5, 0.9% for ASAP3, 0.7% for JEDI-2P), stated in the main text and quantified in Figure S1C of the ASAP5/Hao paper. The normalized F-V slope is also shown in main Fig. 1D.) — Hao 2024, Fig. S1C

ΔF/F per action potential

31.2%, 1P — Lu 2023, Fig. 2e

AP width (FWHM)

4.9 ms at 1000 Hz sampling, HEK293A cells, optical response to a single AP-like command waveform, whole-cell voltage clamp, 1P, 32-35°C — Lu 2023, Fig. 2f

Brightness comparisons

2.44× the brightness of ASAP3 — Lu 2023, Fig. 2h
2.2× the brightness of ASAP2s — Lu 2023, Fig. 2h
1.71× the brightness of ASAP3 — Nair 2025, Fig. 2C
0.125× the brightness of Vega — Cao 2025, Fig. 1B
1.3550135501355014× the brightness of rEstus2s — Rühl 2026, Table S1

Photobleaching

t75% = 112 s at 30 mW/mm², 1P — Cao 2025, Fig. 1D
t50% = 160 s (extrapolated) at 46 mW/mm², 1P — Lu 2023, Fig. S4

Fluorescence–voltage (F–V) curve

ΔF/F (%) at each membrane potential, normalized to 0 at −70 mV: -100 mV: 12%; -70 mV: 0%; -40 mV: -22%; -20 mV: -37%; 0 mV: -47%; 20 mV: -55%; 30 mV: -56%; 50 mV: -58% — Lu 2023, Fig. 2b

Research papers using JEDI-1P (7)

Widefield imaging of rapid pan-cortical voltage dynamics with an indicator evolved for one-photon microscopy — Lu X, Wang Y, Liu Z, Gou Y, Jaeger D, St-Pierre F, Nature Communications 2023 (Mouse, cortex, in vivo; HEK293T cells, in vitro; dissociated hippocampal neurons)
Cortex-wide voltage imaging in a sensory cued reaching task reveals fast subnetwork dynamics — Wang Y, Kim SH, He EJ, Le Chatelier B, Choi H, Jaeger D, bioRxiv 2025 (Mouse, cortex, in vivo)
A fast and responsive voltage indicator with enhanced sensitivity for unitary synaptic events — Hao YA, Lee S, Roth RH, et al., Neuron 2024 (Mouse, motor cortex, in vivo)
Absolute Membrane Potential Recording with ASAP-Type Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicators Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging — Nair AG, Rodewald M, Bae H, Rühl P, Popp J, Schmitt M, Meyer-Zedler T, Heinemann SH, ACS Chemical Neuroscience 2025 (HEK293T cells, in vitro)
An integrated platform for simultaneous wide-field voltage/calcium imaging and fMRI reveals neuronal infraslow dynamics underlying functional connectivity — Pan WJ, Daley L, Watters H, Meyer-Baese L, Gopinath K, Jaeger D, Keilholz S, bioRxiv 2026 (Mouse, cortex, in vivo)
A photostable genetically encoded voltage indicator for imaging neural activities in tissue and live animals — Cao C, Zhu R, Zhou S, Zhao Z, Lin C, Liu S, Peng L, Subach FV, Piatkevich KD, Zou P, bioRxiv 2025 (HEK293T cells, in vitro)
Sub-Millivolt Voltage Imaging Reveals Gap Junction-Mediated Bioelectric Contact Inhibition — Rühl P, Hussein R, Reuter S, Frahnert K, Nair AG, Mrowka R, Schönherr R, Heinemann SH, bioRxiv 2026 (HEK293T cells, in vitro (whole-cell voltage clamp; JEDI-1P R-V curve characterized alongside rEstus2s))

Data and citation

llms.txt — summary for language models
llms-full.txt — every sensor in full (Markdown)
gevis.json — all values and measurements with sources (JSON)
gevis.csv — one row per sensor (CSV)

Cite GEVIBench as: Adam E. Cohen and Daozheng Gong (2026). Voltage imaging: A practical guide. Neuron. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2026.08.002

Generated from the GEVIBench database on 2026-10-12.